Thursday, 16 April 2020

Report Card: Poor Fiscal Federalism even at the juncture of Pandaemic?


//05 April 2020
The fund was allowed to be utilised for setting up quarantine facilities, sample collection and screening, setting up additional testing laboratories, to cover cost of consumables, and purchase of personal protection equipment (PPE) for healthcare, municipal, police and fire authorities, besides purchase of thermal scanners, ventilators, air purifiers, and consumables for government hospitals.

The fund could also be used for providing food and shelter to the homeless, including migrant labourers stranded due to lockdown measures.//

https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/centre-releases-rs-17287-cr-to-states-to-fight-covid-19/amp_articleshow/74973847.cms

//09 April 2020

The bench made the observation on the
plea
 moved by NGO -- India Awake for Transparency -- seeking direction to the state to ensure 100% Covid-19 testing of all persons who were exempt from the lockdown and were performing services involving public contact.

"In the opinion of this court, the fund allotment (to Tamil Nadu) is not adequate, whereas states which have got lesser number of virus infected patients have been allotted more fund. This court is not against the allotment of more funds to other states, but is concerned about Tamil Nadu getting lesser fund. Therefore, the Central government may positively consider increasing the amount," a special bench of Justice N Kirubakaran and Justice R Hemalatha said on Wednesday.//

https://m.timesofindia.com/city/chennai/why-meagre-covid-19-fund-allocation-for-tamil-nadu-asks-madras-high-court/amp_articleshow/75057854.cms

//12 April 2020

“Chief Minister’s Relief Fund or ‘State Relief Fund for COVID-19’ is not included in Schedule VII of the Companies Act, 2013 and therefore any contribution to such funds shall not qualify as admissible CSR expenditure,” an FAQ issued by the ministry noted.

The circular added, however, that corporate contributions made to each individual ‘State Disaster Management Authority ‘to combat COVID-19 “shall qualify as CSR expenditure under item no (xii) of Schedule VII of the 2013 and clarified vide general circular No. 10/2020 dated 23rd March, 2020”.

In addition to this, the ministry’s FAQ also notes that India Inc can also count any “ex-gratia payment made to temporary or casual workers” that they employ as CSR expenditure provided it is made for the purpose of fighting COVID-19.//

https://thewire.in/business/corporate-affairst-ministry-csr-pm-cares-cm-relief-fund

Report Card: India's Preparedness in Fighting COVID.


//17.Jan.2020
The advisory issued by the Union health ministry stated that even though the mode of transmission of the novel coronavirus is unclear as of now, those visiting China are advised to avoid travel to farms, live animal markets or where animals are slaughtered, and refrain consuming "raw or under-cooked meat".

It suggested avoiding close contact with people who are unwell or showing symptoms of illness, such as cough, runny nose among others. The travellers are advised to wear a mask if thy have symptoms of respiratory problem.//

https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/india-issues-travel-advisory-in-wake-of-coronavirus-spread-in-china/articleshow/73326700.cms

//31.Jan.2020
It did not give a reason for the ban but it reported its first case of the new coronavirus on Thursday, a woman in the southern state of Kerala who was a student of Wuhan University in China.

India, the world’s second most heavily populated country after China, has taken measures to ensure that all people arriving from China report to health authorities.//

https://www.reuters.com/article/us-china-health-india/india-bans-export-of-protective-masks-clothing-amid-coronavirus-outbreak-idUSKBN1ZU20A?fbclid=IwAR1mheaUHZela_iF33JTmdMUo4XrEy4L2284mH2UdjdmVV4-esUdPQN5v3M

//04 Feb 2020

Three students, including a woman medico, from the state who studied in Wuhan university in China had tested positive for the virus in Thrissur, Alappuzha and Kasaragod districts in the last few days, following which the LDF government declared the epidemic as a 'state calamity' on 3rd Feb night.

Urging media to exercise self-restraint during the time of calamities and keep themselves away from fear-mongering, Tourism Minister Kadakampally Surendran said blowing up issues beyond proportion was largely affecting tourism industry.

A total of 8.19 lakh tourists had visited the southern state, popularly known as the "God's Own Country", in 9 months in 2019, which was 10.96 lakh in 2018, the minister added.//

https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/coronavirus-mass-cancellation-of-hotel-bookings-in-kerala-says-minister/amp_articleshow/73928606.cms


//05 March 2020 - Tamil Nadu State Government

“The Health Secretary has sent a communication today (Wednesday) asking the officials of the department to take steps for setting up emergency quarantine rooms in hotels,” a senior officer told TNIE. “It is aimed at isolating visitors from overseas countries, in case, they are down with symptoms of the virus.”//

https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2020/mar/05/coronavirus-tamil-nadu-hotels-asked-to-have-quarantine-wards-for-emergencies-2112336.html

//10 March 2020

“Every year, tour agents make a bulk booking, including airline tickets, several months prior to the vacation period. Around 70 per cent of outbound tourism sector happens during the period from March to May. This year too, after long campaigning and marketing,  tour agents expecting a good response, had made bulk bookings. A Kochi-based agent had 23 group booking during summer vacations and all of them have been cancelled by now,” Paulose Mathew, chairman, Kerala chapter of Travel Agents Federation of India (TAFI) said.//

https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/kochi/2020/mar/10/thanks-to-coronavirus-outbound-tourism-collapses-in-kerala-2114591.html

//12 March 2020

Though the disease was first detected in China's Hubei province, the number of cases and fatalities in other countries has dramatically risen in recent weeks, sparking concerns about governments' abilities to contain the infection. Among the worst hit outside China are Italy, Iran, and South Korea.

The World Health Organization declared the outbreak a global pandemic on  12th March

"All existing visas, expect diplomatic, official, UN/International Organizations, employment, project visas, stand suspended till 15th April 2020," India's health ministry said in a statement. The restrictions are due to come into effect from 12:00 GMT on March 13 at the port of departure. //

https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2020/03/12/coronavirus-india-suspends-most-visas-closes-land-border-with-myanmar.html

//13 Mar 2020

A 76-year-old man who died two days ago in Karnataka while being treated for suspected coronavirus has become India's first COVID-19 fatality with his samples taken earlier confirming the infection, the state government said on 12 March.

"The body is disinfectants completely and disposed as per the Government of India guidelines," he added when asked to elaborate on the protocols.//

https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/man-suspected-of-coronavirus-dies-after-returning-from-saudi-arabia/articleshow/74574771.cms

//13 Mar 2020

Responding to the discussion on the call attention motion raised by AIADMK, DMK, Congress and IUML during the zero hour, Health Minister C Vijaya Basker expressed concern over the spread of canards regarding coronavirus. “Rumours about coronavirus spread faster than the virus itself. So, I appeal to the people to believe only official information given in a transparent manner by the State Health department. Corona did not spread in Tamil Nadu and hence, it does not have impact in the State.”

The Minister said per day, around 8,500 passengers arrive at airports in Tamil Nadu and all of them were being thoroughly screened. So far, 1.46 lakh passengers have been screened and 1,465 under surveillance.”Till now, over 60 persons have been affected by this infection across the country and around a lakh across the globe.”Pointing out that the virus had a very low mortality, the Minister said in China where it originated, the mortality rate remained between 2 to 3% while in other countries, the mortality is just 0.2%. //

https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2020/mar/13/covid-19-takes-centre-stage-in-assembly-canards-raise-worries-2115998.html

//13 Mar 2020
Worried at the soaring cases, the Centre, for the first time, is set to carry out sentinel testing to check if community transmission of the virus has already taken place. Sources in the Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR) said sentinel testing will be carried out through the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme’s influenza surveillance, which will randomly test swabs from patients hospitalised across India with severe acute respiratory syndrome and influenza. For the initiative, about 20 labs across India are set to be activated. //

https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/mar/13/govt-to-start-sentinel-testing-to-check-if-virus-has-spread-2116047.html

//14 Mar 2020

That is math, not prophecy. The spread can be slowed, public health professionals say, if people practice “social distancing” by avoiding public spaces and generally limiting their movement.
Still, without any measures to slow it down, covid-19 will continue to spread exponentially for months. To understand why, it is instructive to simulate the spread of a fake disease through a population.//

//17 Mar 2020
Last week, the ICMR had announced they have been successful in isolating the new strain of coronavirus -- the first step towards expediting the development of drugs and vaccines for COVID-19.//

https://www.livemint.com/news/india/who-praises-india-s-impressive-commitment-to-combat-coronavirus-11584456975670.html

//19 Mar 2020

The state’s health department plans to conduct mass screening camps at bus stands, railway stations, college and school campuses and in other public spaces to check if the fears are valid.“There are talks of a silent transmission. That is, people without symptoms passing the virus on to others and thereby increasing the chances for community transmission. To find empirical evidence, such camps will be of great help,” said an officer.
The state is currently working as per Phase 2 plan, where the infected persons are isolated and treated. Kerala was the first to shut schools and colleges, impose restrictions on festivals and gatherings, and also start screening inter-state travellers.//


//19 Mar 2020

Perhaps, for the first time in history, prayers were called off to avert the spread of COVID-19. “We have decided to close the mosque indefinitely from Thursday itself in view of the threat of the contagious disease. Consequently, the jumah prayers was also cancelled,” P.M. Abdul Kareem, secretary of the Pattala Palli at Mananchira, said.
Likewise, COVID-19 fears haVE derailed the Friday prayers at Mohiudeen Palli near the Palayam market and Liva ul-Islam Juma Masjid, Lulu Masjid on the Mavoor Road and Muslim Service Society (MSS) Juma Masjid on Cherootty Road. “Prayers and congregations will be suspended until the dangers of the virus disappears,” Hussain Madvoor, general secretary of All India Islahi Movement, and vice president of Kerala Nadvathul Mujahideen, said.//

https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/kozhikode/mosques-suspend-friday-mass-prayers/article31123938.ece/amp/

//20 Mar 2020

The government may call in the army to help enforce the restrictions and schools may not reopen before the summer break, the officials added. The further tightening may also include a ban on outdoor sports and on Italians’ “passeggiate,” or strolls, with citizens allowed to leave their homes only for work or health reasons, or for emergencies.

Italy on 19 March surpassed China as the country with the highest recorded death toll from the coronavirus. The number of Italian fatalities reached 3,405, civil protection officials said Thursday, with the pandemic also gathering pace in Spain and France as European governments struggle to prevent the disease from spreading.

Despite their confinement, Italians were together in song at 11 a.m. Friday, when all radio networks united to broadcast the national anthem followed by the songs “Azzurro,” “La Canzone del Sole,” and “Nel blu dipinto di blu.”

Conte is expected to announce new measures before the current restrictions expire on March 25. Soldiers have already been deployed in the southern regions of Sicily and Calabria. Italian newspapers reported on possible new restrictions earlier 20 March.

The death toll, though, rose more rapidly elsewhere. In Spain, the number shot up 28% to 767, while France reported a 41% increase to 372. French President Emmanuel Macron said it was unclear how many virus waves the world could be facing, and that efforts to arrest the outbreak will likely be implemented again in the future.//

https://fortune.com/2020/03/20/italy-lockdown-covid-19-deaths-pass-china/

//20 Mar 2020
The Janata curfew is nothing but a mock-drill for a possible lockdown. Modi also understands the importance of symbols and rituals. The gesture of applauding public workers and caregivers during Janata curfew is to prepare India for a national emergency.//

//Nobody is better suited to push the public to change behaviour than Narendra Modi, who has been hiding his own administrative and governance failures by asking the people of India to take responsibility. The slow rate of testing coronavirus raises concerns in India, but Modi will excel with what he’s best at: pushing people to do their best.//

https://theprint.in/talk-point/janata-curfew-brilliant-nudge-or-modi-shouldve-assured-more-about-indias-preparedness/384205/

//21 Mar 2020

The virus death toll surged past 11,000 worldwide, with 4,000 alone in worst-hit Italy where the daily number of fatalities has shot up relentlessly over the past week.

An estimated 900 million people are now confined to their homes in 35 countries around the world -- including 600 million hemmed in by obligatory government lockdown orders -- according to an AFP tally.

"Even if you don't get sick, the choices you make about where you go could be the difference between life and death for someone else." China on 21 March reported no new local infections for a third straight day, and the WHO said the central Chinese city of Wuhan, where the virus emerged late last year, offered a glimmer of "hope for the rest of the world".

In a sign of the shifting centre of the crisis, China has sent medical supplies to European nations struggling to cope with the pandemic, including Greece which received 500,000 medical masks from Beijing.

The shadow of the virus is lengthening across Africa and the Middle East too.

The Democratic Republic of Congo reported its first death Saturday, while Burkina Faso reported two new deaths, bringing the total number of fatalities in sub-Saharan Africa to five.//

https://m.economictimes.com/news/international/world-news/nearly-one-billion-people-confined-to-homes-globally-to-curb-virus/amp_articleshow/74749504.cms

//23 Mar 2020
While Mr. Modi had asked people to step out on their balconies, verandas or doorways and express their appreciation by clapping or beating plates, the Pilibhit officials were criticised on social media for prima facie breaking isolation and social distancing protocols.

A video of their alleged act was widely shared. In the 20-second video clip, the authenticity of which cannot be independently verified, Pilibhit District Magistrate Vaibhav Srivastava and Superintendent of Police Abhishek Dixit are seen leading a group of people, at least two dozen in sight, many of them government staff and policemen, through an unidentified street.//

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/janata-curfew-pilibhit-officials-trigger-row-after-allegedly-leading-march-flouting-social-distancing-rule/article31140370.ece?fbclid=IwAR0bC-aDXvQg_tEsygTPV30AWlIELG73vp9-B0lEtgBy3EC7owI8MKcEtHA

//24 Mar 2020

In some of the country's most popular tourist hotspots, foreign tourists are finding it tough to gain shelter, with panicky guest houses and hotels turning them away or worse, as Shalev discovered, evicting them.
For many others, their interactions with locals are marked by suspicion and rudeness, from being asked to leave restaurants to being refused cab rides.

Many believe that behind this panic among locals around the spread of the virus through foreign tourists lies a mix of context and panic, driven by disinformation. Much of it is driven through India's vast usage of social media networks, especially WhatsApp with more than 200 million users.

However, among the first cases of COVID-19 that India reported were a group of 15 Italian tourists who tested positive#. That, and the fact that a majority of India's COVID-19 cases continue to be those with recent travel history, have added to people's suspicions in places frequented by tourists, say locals.

Lucknow is the capital of India's most populous state of Uttar Pradesh, a state that reported its first case only on March 12.

The rapid rise in India's COVID-19 cases has led to many reacting with fear, panic and even, racism. Across the country, there are reports of racist attacks on people from India's northeastern region that borders China, suspecting them of being carriers of the virus.//

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/03/foreign-tourists-face-hostility-india-coronavirus-panic-200324083648362.html

//28 Mar 2020

Kerala recorded its first death due to the novel coronavirus in Kochi on Saturday, the state government confirmed.

Kerala has been one of the worst-hit states by the coronavirus pandemic. So far, Kerala has reported 176 cases of which 11 are foreign nationals. All 14 districts in the state have been affected by the pandemic.//

https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/first-coronavirus-death-in-kerala-69-year-old-man-who-had-travelled-to-dubai-1660660-2020-03-28

//31 Mar 2020

Modi told the Indian envoys that “extraordinary times require extraordinary solutions, which was why even in this globalised era, most of the world had quarantined itself”.

Modi said India had taken “unprecedented” and “early steps” to reduce the risk of importing the infection. “This included the world’s largest quarantine and lock-down, implemented by India,” he told the Indian diplomats.

Since this crisis impacts the economy, the PM advised Heads of Mission to also focus on “ensuring that commerce in essential supplies, logistics chains, remittances and so on are unaffected, through their coordination with foreign partners”.//

https://indianexpress.com/article/india/koreas-testing-protocols-to-help-indians-abroad-pm-modi-discusses-covid-19-with-envoys-6339233/

//01 Apr 2020

A status report filed by the Ministry of External Affairs in the Supreme Court said there were 6,000 Indian nationals in various provinces of Iran. They included 1100 pilgrims mainly from the Union Territories of Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir and the State of Maharashtra, 300 students primarily from J&K, and over 1000 fishermen from Tamil Nadu (744), Kerala (70) and Gujarat (215).

However, the court expressed satisfaction with the government’s assurance that the welfare and safety of the stranded pilgrims in Qom would be taken care of by the Embassy there.//

https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/covid-19-1142-indians-brought-back-from-iran-centre-tells-sc/article31230226.ece

//02 April 2020 - Tamil Nadu State Government

The capital subsidy will be disbursed as equal instalments over five years against investments made for making essential equipment, including modifications and upgrades of existing lines, the state government said. A 6% interest subvention will also be provided to manufacturers on working capital loans availed from commercial banks. Waiver of 100% stamp duty will also be provided.

The government believes it is essential to augment the local manufacturing capacity of essential medical equipment and drugs by implementing a special incentive package to promote manufacturing. SIPCOT and SIDCO will provide necessary land and sheds on short- or long-term leases on priority, according to a government order (GO).

https://www.financialexpress.com/industry/sme/tamil-nadu-offers-incentives-to-promote-production-of-covid-19-combat-gears/1917443/

//07 April 2020

Misinfodemics’ is a phenomenon through which any form of health-related misinformation contributes to the spread of illness. Patterns like this have happened in the past, contributing to the spread of tuberculosis, sexually transmitted infections, SARS or the outbreak of Nipah virus in the recent past. It is true that as online connectivity increases, more and more individuals resort to online content as the primary source of health-related information.//

https://www.newindianexpress.com/opinions/2020/mar/07/coronavirus-and-tackling-misinformation-2113479.html

//09 April 2020

Tata Group’s IHCL that on Friday opened the doors of seven of its properties for providing accommodation to health care workers.

Ginger hotels across the country are being used for quarantine purposes.

ITC Grand Central in Mumbai is delivering meals to doctors and healthcare workers in key hospitals. This initiative will be progressively rolled out in other metros including Kolkata, Chennai and Hyderabad

Park hotels are also providing free meals for daily wagers and migrant workers near the hotels.

Indian budget hotel chain OYO has also offered free accommodation to medical workers and foreigners who are stranded. //

https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/covid-19-hotels-open-doors-in-the-time-of-a-pandemic/cid/1763455

//09 April 2020

On Wednesday, news of the suspension of Dr Sudhakar Rao, an anesthesiologist from Andhra Pradesh, caused outrage. He was suspended by the Health Department for “spreading false news” that there was a lack of PPE and masks in the hospital.

“There are some things that we, as teachers, cannot teach our students. There is no course which can prepare them for what they face now. Almost suddenly, they have had a lot of responsibilities thrust upon them. No amount of teaching in a classroom can provide them with the vital lessons they are learning now,” states general physician Dr MKS of a branch of the Indian Medical Association (IMA) in Tamil Nadu.//

https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/thrown-pandemic-young-medicos-speak-tnm-fighting-covid-19-122385

//10 April 2020
This triggered a mass migrant exodus, unprecedented in the history of independent India. Equally disturbing was the response such incidents elicited on social media and elsewhere. On Twitter, while a minority lamented the lack of care for the bottom of the social ladder which was reflected in the way the government introduced the lockdown on March 24, several groups started equating the moving migrants with “virus reservoirs” and “human bombs” and called for their forced removal from areas where they could pose the threat of spreading the coronavirus.//

https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/opinion/covid-19-shows-us-up-as-a-callous-people/article31308003.ece?fbclid=IwAR06Sqo-95etb4Hj48H5u4dY65BsHDz2h9t634V2gtbNXYy0t4u-5tOfVjs#

//10 Apr 2020

It also maintained that there is no community transmission in the country so far. A study by apex medical research body ICMR found that 40 people out of a total of 104 coronavirus patients with severe acute respiratory infection had contracted the infection without having any recent international travel history or contact with any confirmed cases of the disease.

Addressing the daily press briefing on the COVID-19 situation in the country, MEA Additional Secretary Dammu Ravi said, "There were requests from governments of several countries. We have successfully evacuated 20,473 foreign nationals as of yesterday."

An ICMR official said 146 laboratories are functional in the public sector while 67 private labs have been given approval for testing of COVID-19.

"A total 144910 samples have been tested till 9 PM on Thursday," he said.

He further said 39 PPE manufacturers are available in the country today; adding PPEs have been procured and given to states, due to which they have double the stock available with them compared to what they had two months back.

Around 20.4 lakh N-95 masks have been supplied to the states and further procurement has already been initiated to address future requirements. Also, an order for 49000 ventilators has been placed and stock is being taken for future requirements, he said.//

https://m.economictimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/decision-to-bring-indians-stranded-abroad-will-be-taken-after-reviewing-covid-19-situation-govt/articleshow/75086406.cms

//11 April 2020

Modi also suggested the idea of a lock-in wherein industrial, agricultural and construction workers may be housed within their work zones itself and continue with their work.

There is a need to ensure that harvest crops does not get affected because of the lockdown for ensuring India’s food security.

Modi said that agriculture is out of lockdown and mandis should not be crowded. He suggested that registered warehouse can be notified as deemed markets as farmers will not have to travel to sell.//

https://www.livemint.com/news/india/india-may-have-a-decentralised-lockdown-strategy-ahead-11586599859811.html

//12 April 2020

The charter flights announced so far are expected to make "serious inroads" into repatriating the large numbers stranded in India, with an end of April target set for getting the majority back to the UK.

An estimated 21,000 British residents are currently in India, of which around 5,000 are set to be repatriated over this weekend and the next week with a total of 19 charter flights confirmed between the different cities of India back to London.

The FCO said in the spirit of cooperation it has announced a series of measures to assist the Indians caught up in the crisis in the UK, including an extension to any expiring visas until the end of May and steps to safeguard university accommodation for Indian students.//

https://www.livemint.com/news/world/uk-to-get-first-batch-of-3-million-paracetamol-packets-from-india-by-sunday-11586598256304.html

//14 Apr 2020

A bench headed by Chief Justice S A Bobde said this while hearing through video-conferencing a batch of pleas seeking evacuation of Indian citizens from different countries including United Kingdom and Gulf nations.
"People should stay where they are right now," said the bench, also comprising Justices L Nageswara Rao and M M Shantanagoudar.

"It is true that the GoI (Government of India) initially undertook some evacuation operations of Indian nationals as also nationals of other countries from China, Japan, Iran and Italy when the situation of coronavirus situation in India was not so grim.

"However, given the present situation of the coronavirus outbreak in India and the available limited resources, it is not feasible to selectively evacuate Indian citizens from abroad when a large number of them from a number of countries want to return back due to various reasons," it said.

https://www.newindianexpress.com/nation/2020/apr/14/stay-where-you-are-supreme-court-on-pleas-to-evacuate-indians-abroad-amid-covid-19-pandemic-2129766.html

HCQ Export: US - India in COVID Fight!!

//25 March 2020
The group said India, the world's largest supplier of generic drugs, was not short of the drug but that companies were acutely short of staff to run operations.

Cadila Healthcare Ltd, part of the Zydus group and one of India's top makers of the drug, said it was ramping up production to about 200 million pills a month.

Earlier on Wednesday, Cadila Healthcare's stock fell more than 5% after the export ban was announced.

"It is impossible to maintain operations due to lockdown, because employees don't want to come (to work)," Dua said.//

https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/03/25/world/asia/25reuters-health-coronavirus-india-pharmaceuticals.html

// 25 March 2020
Exports of hydroxychloroquine will be limited to fulfilling existing contracts, while certain shipments on humanitarian grounds may also be allowed on a case-by-case basis, according to a statement issued Wednesday by the Directorate General of Foreign Trade. The ban also does not apply to factories in its special export zones.
India has some of the world’s largest manufacturers of the finished drug as well as its component ingredients and the move is likely to crimp global supply at a time when the medication is receiving unprecedented global attention.

But there is no conclusive scientific evidence that hydroxychloroquine can treat the infection from the novel pathogen. Indeed, a small study published in the Journal of Zhejiang University in China showed that patients who got the medicine didn’t fight off the new coronavirus more often than those who did not get the medicine.//

https://fortune.com/2020/03/25/coronavirus-hydroxychloroquine-trump-india-export/amp/

//25 March 2020
The ban comes after India, the world’s largest supplier of generic drugs, this month restricted the export of 26 pharmaceutical ingredients and the medicines made from them, including Paracetamol, a common pain reliever also sold as acetaminophen, as the coronavirus outbreak plays havoc with supply chains. Some of those restrictions have since been relaxed.//

https://www.euractiv.com/section/global-europe/news/india-bans-export-of-hydroxychloroquine-amid-coronavirus-outbreak/

//31 March 2020
Xin said production is stable at the two primary producers of chloroquine phosphate, and efforts are being focused on meeting international demand. One of those producers, Chongqing Kangle Pharmaceuticals, was able to export 4.9 tons of the API within five days, Xin said.
“We can further increase the supply in accordance with international market demand,” Xin said.

While countries try to sort out their API supplies, drugmakers and shippers are sorting out how to get them moved around the world. China’s Xin said he understands “main constraints to Chinese exports are sea freight, international shipping,” which has been hampered in the face of the outbreak, leading to much higher prices.  //

https://www.fiercepharma.com/manufacturing/chinese-apis-flowing-but-indian-ban-hinders-u-s-approval-hydroxychloroquine

//5 April 2020
Exporters availing AA scheme benefits too get these exemptions. But now the government has decided to include all this under the ambit of export ban due to the outbeak of coronavirus and increase in demand for this medicine.

The move assumes significance as Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) had recommended the use of hydroxychloroquine for treating healthcare workers handling suspected or confirmed coronavirus cases and also the asymptomatic household contacts of the lab-confirmed cases.//

https://m.economictimes.com/industry/healthcare/biotech/pharmaceuticals/covid-19-govt-tightens-export-ban-norms-for-anti-malarial-drug-hydroxycloroquine/amp_articleshow/74992670.cms

//5 April 2020
At a press conference on Saturday, Trump said he spoke to Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and appealed for the release of shipments U.S. has already ordered. India is giving his request “serious consideration,” he said.

U.S. Surgeon General Jerome Adams on Sunday said there had been “some accounts, some stories” about hydroxychloroquine “helping” and the drug has been available for years.

There’s no conclusive scientific evidence that hydroxychloroquine can treat the infection from the novel pathogen, and it hasn’t been approved by the Food and Drug Administration in the U.S. to treat Covid-19.//

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-05/india-bans-all-exports-of-trump-s-game-changer-virus-drug


//5 April 2020

Based on some initial results, the Trump administration is banking heavily on using Hydroxychloroquine, a decades old malaria drug, for the successful treatment of coronavirus.

In the next several weeks, health experts in the US has projected between 100,000 to 200,000 deaths due to coronavirus, which due to human-to-human transmission is spreading like a wildfire in the US.

"And I said I would appreciate if they (India) would release the amounts that we ordered, he said, without mentioning that quantity of Hydroxychloroquine that has been ordered by US companies from India.//

https://www.indiatoday.in/amp/world/story/donald-trump-requests-pm-narendra-modi-to-release-hydroxychloroquine-ordered-by-us-1663455-2020-04-05

//7 April 2020
India has not yet decided either way yet. Prime Minister Modi had told the American leader during the call that India “will do all what we can”.

The US orders were placed in March. The size of the order could not be ascertained and it was also not clear if they were placed by the US government through the agency spearheading the federal effort boost domestic availability of medical supplies and equipment needed to deal with the outbreak, or private companies.//

https://m.hindustantimes.com/world-news/uk-mood-more-sombre-as-world-leaders-wish-pm-johnson-recovery-from-covid-19/story-Q3C2chAizhiAsI8HCFMfXJ.html

//7 April 2020

The export of hydroxychloroquine and paracetamol will be now taken up on a “case-to-case basis, depending on the availability of stock after meeting domestic requirements,” said a source.
“All existing orders will be cleared. The Ministry of External Affairs and Department of Pharma will decide on such allocations depending on humanitarian (COVID) situation,” the source added.

“India has long been a significant partner of the United States and the pharmaceutical sector. It’s one of our top imports from India in 2018. India is obviously one of the world’s leaders in the supply of generic drugs. It represents a significant portion of the precursor pharmaceuticals that supply the U.S. market,” said Alice Wells, Acting Assistant Secretary, Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs, US State Department.//

https://theprint.in/diplomacy/india-partially-lifts-ban-on-export-of-hydroxychloroquine-hours-after-trumps-threat/396792/?amp

//
Countries should be willing to share information openly and humbly seek advice, and should be able to trust the data and the insights they receive. We also need a global effort to produce and distribute medical equipment, most notably testing kits and respiratory machines. Instead of every country trying to do it locally and hoarding whatever equipment it can get, a co-ordinated global effort could greatly accelerate production and make sure life-saving equipment is distributed more fairly. Just as countries nationalise key industries during a war, the human war against coronavirus may require us to “humanise” the crucial production lines. A rich country with few coronavirus cases should be willing to send precious equipment to a poorer country with many cases, trusting that if and when it subsequently needs help, other countries will come to its assistance. //

https://www.ft.com/content/19d90308-6858-11ea-a3c9-1fe6fedcca75?fbclid=IwAR3sX03yUY1AB3RmkP3gUiHPSmCOAZJIro6J_f-VKxCBxdlSgdKz5QjVTws

Whether State could ban Voluntary Philanthropist in COVID Relief Activities?


//14 April 2020

The public interest litigation (PIL) petition, filed by Cogress party's Chennai East District unit chief, wanted the court to direct the state government not to impose any 'unreasonable' restriction in distribution of relief materials to poor and needy.

Therefore, they must not be restrained from doing such activities, petitioner Siva Rajashekaran added. The state government had on Monday clarified in a press release that it only insisted that volunteers and other service organisations should work together with the district administration and ensure food and other relief materials reached the needy with due precaution.//

https://www.deccanherald.com/national/south/congress-too-moves-hc-against-restrictions-over-covid-19-relief-by-political-parties-in-tamil-nadu-825451.html

//15 April 2020

Similar Case from Karnataka....

A prayer had been made seeking a modification of a Court order dated March 30 , so that individuals, voluntary organizations, NGOs etc. are allowed to continue supplying the food to the underprivileged and poorer sections of the society.

"If the State Government is unable to provide a portal where all the NGOs can upload their information, the State must consider of convening meetings at the district level, municipal level, etc. via Video Conferencing for co-ordinating the activities of NGOs. It will be appropriate that at such meetings, the Chairpersons and Secretaries of the District Legal Service Authorities (DLSAs) are invited to attend."
Karnataka High Court

The Court further reiterated the need for State to co-ordinate with the NGOs and in this regard, and directed the State to reply on this aspect by April 16. //

https://www.barandbench.com/news/litigation/covid-19-lockdown-ngos-cannot-be-prevented-from-distributing-food-to-needy-provided-social-distancing-is-followed-karnataka-hc

//15 April 2020

A special division bench of justices R Subbiah and Pongiappan on Wednesday heard the submissions made by Senior Counsel P Wilson, arguing on behalf of DMK. Wilson argued that the press release is inhumane. He said that starvation deaths have begun in the State and the government should be magnanimous to accept all contributions.

According to the petition filed by DMK's RS Bharathi, there is no rationale behind the Government’s decision to prohibit the political parties and NGOs and sought an interim stay against the circular issued by the state on Sunday. //

https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil-nadu/2020/apr/15/covid-19-relief-curbs-madras-hc-to-give-verdict-tomorrow-on-dmk-plea-against-state-government-2130366.html

Monday, 4 November 2019

Economic Survey 2018-19 For UPSC Aspirants

Lecture by Mr. Sivakumar, Faculty, Kamaraj IAS Academy, Chennai

Agriculture

1. Government Intervention in Agricultural Sector and Growth in India

  • Phase 1 (1951 - 65) - Five year plan and Food Security
  • Phase 2 (1965 -91) -Regulation of the Sector (i.e. Agriculture Pricing Policy 1965)
  • Phase 3 (1991 - till) Deregulation (especially post-2007)
2. Problems of Commercialization of Agriculture?

3. Deregulation of Agriculture sector
  • Reforms in APMC Act (Agriculture Produce Marketing)
  • Restructuring Food Corporation of India (FCI) - ShanthaKumar Committee (2015)
  • National Food Security Act and Public Distribution System (PDS)
  • Development of Food Processing Industries.
  • FDI in Multi-Brand Retail Sector (70% Products are Agriculture Produce)
  • Doubling of Farmer's Income by 2022
  • e-NAM (National Agricultural Market)
  • Application of ICT in Resource-Efficient Sustainable Agriculture.
  • Improvement and Focus on Non-Farm Income for Small-Holding Farmers.
4. Farm Inputs and Agriculture Methods: Infusion of Science and Technology

Tradition -> Modern -> Post-Modern

5. Strategies for Doubling Farm Income by 2022

  • Revenue Efficiency: Small Holder Agriculture (85%)
    • Improvement in Crop Productivity
    • Improvement in Livestock Productivity
    • Resource Use Efficiency (esp. Water)
    • Increase in Cropping Intensity
    • Diversification towards High-Value Crops.
    • Improvement in Real prices (Market Reform, eliminating Middleman)
    • Shift from Farm - to Non-Farm Activities (Fisheries, Diary, Livestock)
  • Contract Farming (Model Act)
    • Agriculture leasing system.
  • GRAMIN Haats (Centres of Aggregation of Farm Commodities)
  • e-NAM
  • Soil Health Cards (Rationalize Chemical Fertilizer usage)
  • Water Efficient Usage System
  • Crop Insurance Scheme (PM Fasal Bima Yojan)
  • Interest Subvention for Farmers (upto 5%)
  • Kisan Credit Cards to engage in Animal Husbandry and Fisheries.
  • MSP at 1.5 times the cost of production.
6. Focus in Agriculture: Shift
  • Land Productivity - > Resource Efficient usage.
  • Procurement Support System -> Micro-Irrigation supported cropping pattern.
  • Saving in Energy and Fertilizer Consumption - 40-50%
  • Cropping Pattern in India
    • Highly skewed towards crops that are water intensive (Paddy & Sugarcane)
    • It consume more that 60% of Irrigation Water available.
    • Implicit Subsidy and Explicit Subsidy
  • By 2050: India to be Global Hot spot for Water Insecurity
  • Efficient usage of fertilizers and Pesticides
    • Increased usage of Fertilizer since 2002
    • Fertilizer consumption gradually declining trend since 2011
    • Rationalization of Fertilizer usage and switching own to Organic Farming.
    • Fertilizer Response Trend: Declining trend - It is an indicator of Declining Responsiveness of Soil Fertility to Fertilizer Application.
      • Reason? Inadequate & Imbalance in usage, Multi-Nutrient Deficiency, Lack of Farmer Awareness, Poor Crop Management.
    • Fertilizer Efficient Usage: Optimal dose based on Soil Health Status, Promotion of Neem-coated Urea, Promotion of Micro-Nutrient, Promotion of Water-Soluble Fertilizers.
    • Increasing Sustainability in Agriculture (Organic & Natural Farming)
      • National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
      • Pram Paragat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)
      • Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
      • Mission Organic Value Chain Development for North Eastern Region (MOV CDNER)
    • PKVY Scheme 2018 Guidelines: Various Organic Farming Models - State can adopt any one form of Farming
      • Natural Farming
      • Vedic Farming
      • Cow Farming
      • Homa Farming
      • ZBNF (Zero Based Natural Farming) - 1, 63, 034 Farmed engaged in this method.
        • Karnataka, Himachal Pradesh, Andhra are leading states
    • Adopting Appropriate Technologies
      • Custom Hiring Centres  (CHC)- promote use of High-Tech Machinery - Mechanization for Small and Medium Farmers - Hilly and Difficult Terrain.
        • From 2014-15  to 2017 -18, Total of 8162 CHCs are established under the sub-mission (Mechanization of Agriculture)
      • Implementation of ICTs - Optimization of Resource use Efficiency - among Small 
      • Mobile Phone, Soil Health, Weather, Market Access, Storage Facilities, Financial Inclusion, Early Warning Systems, etcetera.
    • AMFFRI (Agricultural Marketing and Farmer Friendly Reforms Index)
      • launched by NITI Aayog (in 2016)
      • Index to Rank States and UTs on implementation of 7 provisions proposed under Model APMC Act.
        • e-NAM initiative, Special Treatment to Fruit and Vegetables for Marketing, Levels of Taxes in Mandis.
      • Three Indicator:
        1. Ease of Doing Business: Competitiveness, Efficiency and Transparency of Agri-Market.
        2. Facilitation and Liberalization of Land Lease (Refer: Model Contract Farming Act: https://www.prsindia.org/theprsblog/explained-draft-model-contract-farming-act-2018?page=3)
        3. Freedom given to farmers felling and Transit of trees grown on private land.
      • Score (0 to 100 Scale)
        • Maharashtra(80) > Gujarat(71.5) > Rajasthan > Madhya Pradesh.
    • Schemes to Improve livestock and Dairy Productivity
      • Rashtriya Gokul Mission
      • E-Pashu Haat Portal
      • National Livestock Mission
      • Livestock Health and Disease control Scheme
      • Dairy Development
    • Agriculture Allied: Fisheries Sector
  • Land Reforms (Pre-1951 and Post reform Period)
    • Suggestion in Economic Survey (2012-13)
      • To map land carefully and assign conclusive title.
        • NLRMP 2008 (National Land Records Modernization Programme)
        • Presumptive title and Conclusive title.
        • Digitization and reduce land transaction cost.
      • To facilitate land leasing.
        • Widespread prohibition of land leasing
        • Rural-Urban Migration
        • Feminization of Agriculture, Disguished Unemployment
        • Facility for Landless Farmers.
        • Education, Skill Development, Industrialization.
        • Lnad Ownership and Long-Term Tenancy (Leasing Market).
      • To create fair and speedy process of land acquisition of public purpose
        • Large projects with a public purpose
        • Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Bill 2011
        • NIMZ (National Industrial and Manufacturing Zone) and Industrial Corridors part of National Manufacturing Policy (NMP 2012 -Targets to create 100 Million jobs by 2022)
          • Need for Economic Growth
          • Cost of Rehabilitation and Resettlement.
    • High Level Committee: Restructuring FCI (Food Corporation of India)
      • Shantha Kumar Committee 2014 (Refer: https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=114860)
      • To improve operational efficiency and financial management.
        • Procurement - Decentralized System
        • PDS & NFSA
        • Stock and Movment
        • Buffer Stocking and Liquidation Policy
          • Food Security, Welfare Obligation
          • Open Market Sale to check Inflation.
      • WTO Agreement on Agriculture (AOA): Public Procurement (Peace Clause), Market Access to Indian Agriculture Sector, Deregulation of Agriculture System.

Watch the Full Lecture....



Part II - Lecture on Economic Survey 2018-19

To be updated.....



Friday, 1 November 2019

General Paper on Teaching and Research Aptitude

UGC NET (University Grants Commission - National Eligibility Test) 2019 - 2020

Syllabus for Paper I

General Paper on Teaching and Research Aptitude

1. Teaching Aptitude
  • Teaching: Nature, Objectives, Characteristics and Basic Requirements.
  • Learner's Characteristics.
  • Factors affecting Teaching.
  • Methods of Teaching.
  • Teaching Aids.
  • Evaluation Systems.

2. Research Aptitude
  • Research: Meaning, Characteristics and Types.
  • Steps of Research.
  • Methods of Research.
  • Research Ethics.
  • Paper, Articles, Workshop, Seminar, Conference and Symposium.
  • Thesis Writing: Its Characteristics and Format.
Study Material (Method of Research): http://egyankosh.ac.in/handle/123456789/4815
Study Material (Data Presentation) : http://egyankosh.ac.in/handle/123456789/4814

3. Reading Comprehension
  • Answer the Question from the Passage.
4. Communication
  • Communication: Nature, Characteristics, Types, Barriers and Effective Classroom Communication.

5. Reasoning
  • Number series, Letter series, Codes
  • Relationship, Classification.
6. Logical Reasoning
  • Understanding the structure of Argument. 
  •  Evaluating and distinguishing Deductive and Inductive Reasoning.
  • Verbal Analogies: Word Analogy - Applied Analogy
  • Reasoning Logical Diagrams: Simple Diagrammatic Relationship, Multi Diagrammatic Relationship.
  • Venn Diagram: Analytical Reasoning 
7. Data Interpretation
  • Sources, Acquisition and Interpretation of Data.
  • Quantitative and Qualitative Data.
  • Graphical Representation and Mapping of Data 
8. Information and Communication Technology (ICT)
  • ICT: Meaning, Advantages, Disadvantages and Uses.
  • General Abbreviation and Terminology
  • Basics of Internet and E-Mailing

Study Material:

9. People and Environment
  • People and Environment Interaction.
  • Sources of Pollution.
  • Pollutants and their impact on Human Life, Exploitation of Natural and Energy Resources.
  • Natural hazards and Mitigation.

10. Higher Education System: Governance, Polity and Administration.
  • Structure of the Institutions for Higher Learning and Research in India.
  • Formal and Distance Education.
  • Professional/Technical and General Education.
  • Value Education.
  • Governance, Polity and Administration: Concept, Institutions and their Interactions.

Refer:
UGC NET Syllabus

Thursday, 31 October 2019

Ambitious Target of Making India Great

THE ROAD MAP FOR MAKING INDIA GREAT: WHERE IS THE THEORY OF CHANGE, ARTICULATING THE VARIOUS CASUAL LINKS ?

1. Ambitious Target $5 Trillion Economy.
2. Make in India special emphasis on MSME.
3. Internationalization of Rupee.
4. Doubling Farm Income, Agriculture Insurance, Income support (PM-KISAN)


Considering Fiscal Status of India, Road Map suggested by Prof. Anand Gupta, Former Professor, IIMA

1. Net Tax Revenue dropped to 6.99%(2018-19) from 7.28%(2017-18). It lagged behind the growth in India's GDP.

2. Privatization of Public Enterprises: Disinvestment of PSU to raise more resources.
Least Efficient use of our own Capital.

3. Raising Fiscal Deficit Target by 3% more than now with condition that improved Public Finance Management.
Public spending & Macro-economic situation is not linear. Putting Public Money in,
(i) Public Goods with Positive Externalities.
(ii) Private Goods to certain people on Equity ground.

4. Improving the Accuracy, Credibility, Currentness of DATA such as Growth, Fiscal Deficit, etc

5. Promote domestic manufacturing by removing the cost disadvantages (eg. Higher Freight charge, Power tariff etc)

6. Transforming India's Higher Education 

7. Correcting the failure of UDAY (Ujjwal DISCOM Assurance Yojana 2015) to improve operational and financial efficiency of state power distribution companies.
Problem of Power theft, Man-oeuvre of equipment, under reporting and lack of stringent action. Linking Theory of Change to the causal factors.

8. Swachch Bharat Abhiyan (9.6 Cr Toilets since October 2014 - ensuring Open Defecation Free) - Reduce Deaths due to diarrhoea, malaria, Improve child health and Nutrition. 

#MHRD Online Free Education #Swayam
#Economics #ARPIT

Think about it:
1. Possibility for India to achieve $5 Trillion Economy target?
2. Ethics in Governance and Ethics of Governance. Which is wider?
3. Aligning Self-Interest of Policy Maker with that of Interest of the Nation.

Solving the puzzle: COVID-19 and School-College Fees!!

15 April 2020 AICTE and the University Grants Commission (UGC) will also issue a revised academic calendar soon and Prof. Kumar directed...